MacLean et al., 1997
MacLean, C. R. K.; Walton, K. G.; Wenneberg, S. R.; Levitsky, D. K.; Mandarino, J. P.; Waziri, R.; Hillis, S. L.; and Schneider, R. H. Effects of the Transcendental Meditation program on adaptive mechanisms: Changes in hormone levels and responses to stress after 4 months of practice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 22: 277–295, 1997.
This experimental study found that those who learned the Transcendental Meditation technique, in contrast to controls who took a stress education class, showed after four months of practice a more adaptive response to stress, as measured by increased cortisol responsiveness to stressors together with reduced basal cortisol and reduced average cortisol. Findings on other hormones also differentiated the Transcendental Meditation and stress education groups.
- Year
- 1997
- Journal
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publication type
- Journal
- Paper type
- Empirical
- Collected Papers
- Vol. 7, pp. 4583–4597
- Section
- Metabolic, Biochemical, and Cardiovascular Changes
Findings (2)
Response to Stress
More Adaptive Pattern of Cortisol in Relation to Stress: Decreased Basal Cortisol and Average Cortisol, Increased Cortisol Responsiveness to Stressors
Transcendental Meditation · Randomized controlled trial
Response to Stressors Different than Controls for Other Hormones (Growth Hormone and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Transcendental Meditation · Randomized controlled trial
Authors
- Christopher R. K. MacLean, PhD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Kenneth G. Walton, PhD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Stig R. Wenneberg, PhD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Debra K. Levitsky, PhD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Joseph V. Mandarino, PhD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Robert H. Schneider, MD
Maharishi University of Management, Fairfield, IA, USA
- Rafiq Waziri, MD
School of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Stephen L. Hillis, PhD
School of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA